misc: drop typing as T, use builtin generics

Python 3.10 is the minimum, so annotations use `X | None`, `list[X]`
and friends, enforced by ruff's pyupgrade rules. The remaining typing
names are imported directly, with abstract types coming from
collections.abc. first() is now generic over the item and default.

pqcli/__main__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import argparse
 import sys
-import typing as T
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
 
 from xdg_base_dirs import xdg_config_home
 
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
     return parser.parse_args()
 
 
-def list_players(roster: Roster, file: T.Optional[T.Any] = None) -> None:
+def list_players(roster: Roster, file: Any | None = None) -> None:
     for i, player in enumerate(roster.players, start=1):
         print(f"{i}. {player.name}", file=file)
 
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ def main() -> None:
         list_players(roster)
         exit(0)
 
-    player: T.Optional[Player] = None
+    player: Player | None = None
     if args.load_save:
         try:
             player = list(roster.players)[args.load_save - 1]

pqcli/config.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import enum
-import typing as T
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 
 
@@ -60,16 +59,16 @@ class EquipmentPreset:
 class Monster:
     name: str
     level: int
-    item: T.Optional[str]
+    item: str | None
 
 
 @dataclass
 class Race:
     name: str
-    attr: T.List[StatType]
+    attr: list[StatType]
 
 
 @dataclass
 class Class:
     name: str
-    attr: T.List[StatType]
+    attr: list[StatType]

pqcli/game_data.py

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import json
 import sys
-import typing as T
+from collections.abc import Callable, Sequence
 from dataclasses import dataclass, fields
 from importlib import resources
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 from pqcli.config import (
     Class,
@@ -23,24 +24,24 @@ class DataError(Exception):
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
 class GameData:
-    spells: T.Tuple[str, ...]
+    spells: tuple[str, ...]
-    offense_attrib: T.Tuple[Modifier, ...]
+    offense_attrib: tuple[Modifier, ...]
-    defense_attrib: T.Tuple[Modifier, ...]
+    defense_attrib: tuple[Modifier, ...]
-    offense_bad: T.Tuple[Modifier, ...]
+    offense_bad: tuple[Modifier, ...]
-    defense_bad: T.Tuple[Modifier, ...]
+    defense_bad: tuple[Modifier, ...]
-    shields: T.Tuple[EquipmentPreset, ...]
+    shields: tuple[EquipmentPreset, ...]
-    armors: T.Tuple[EquipmentPreset, ...]
+    armors: tuple[EquipmentPreset, ...]
-    weapons: T.Tuple[EquipmentPreset, ...]
+    weapons: tuple[EquipmentPreset, ...]
-    specials: T.Tuple[str, ...]
+    specials: tuple[str, ...]
-    item_attrib: T.Tuple[str, ...]
+    item_attrib: tuple[str, ...]
-    item_ofs: T.Tuple[str, ...]
+    item_ofs: tuple[str, ...]
-    boring_items: T.Tuple[str, ...]
+    boring_items: tuple[str, ...]
-    monsters: T.Tuple[Monster, ...]
+    monsters: tuple[Monster, ...]
-    races: T.Tuple[Race, ...]
+    races: tuple[Race, ...]
-    classes: T.Tuple[Class, ...]
+    classes: tuple[Class, ...]
-    titles: T.Tuple[str, ...]
+    titles: tuple[str, ...]
-    impressive_titles: T.Tuple[str, ...]
+    impressive_titles: tuple[str, ...]
-    combat_verbs: T.Tuple[str, ...]
+    combat_verbs: tuple[str, ...]
 
 
 DATA_FILES = tuple(field.name for field in fields(GameData))
@@ -55,8 +56,8 @@ class _Context:
 
 
 def _check_keys(
-    ctx: _Context, where: str, obj: T.Any, keys: T.Sequence[str]
+    ctx: _Context, where: str, obj: Any, keys: Sequence[str]
-) -> T.Dict[str, T.Any]:
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
     if not isinstance(obj, dict):
         raise ctx.error(f"{where} must be an object")
     missing = [key for key in keys if key not in obj]
@@ -68,19 +69,19 @@ def _check_keys(
     return obj
 
 
-def _str(ctx: _Context, where: str, value: T.Any) -> str:
+def _str(ctx: _Context, where: str, value: Any) -> str:
     if not isinstance(value, str):
         raise ctx.error(f"{where} must be a string")
     return value
 
 
-def _int(ctx: _Context, where: str, value: T.Any) -> int:
+def _int(ctx: _Context, where: str, value: Any) -> int:
     if isinstance(value, bool) or not isinstance(value, int):
         raise ctx.error(f"{where} must be an integer")
     return value
 
 
-def _stat(ctx: _Context, where: str, value: T.Any) -> StatType:
+def _stat(ctx: _Context, where: str, value: Any) -> StatType:
     _str(ctx, where, value)
     for stat in StatType:
         if value.lower() in (stat.value.lower(), stat.name):
@@ -89,18 +90,18 @@ def _stat(ctx: _Context, where: str, value: T.Any) -> StatType:
     raise ctx.error(f"{where}: unknown stat {value!r} (use one of {allowed})")
 
 
-def _parse_str(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> str:
+def _parse_str(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: Any) -> str:
     return _str(ctx, where, item)
 
 
-def _parse_verb(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> str:
+def _parse_verb(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: Any) -> str:
     verb = _str(ctx, where, item)
     if TARGET_PLACEHOLDER not in verb:
         raise ctx.error(f"{where} must contain {TARGET_PLACEHOLDER}")
     return verb
 
 
-def _parse_modifier(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> Modifier:
+def _parse_modifier(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: Any) -> Modifier:
     obj = _check_keys(ctx, where, item, ["name", "quality"])
     return Modifier(
         _str(ctx, f"{where}.name", obj["name"]),
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ def _parse_modifier(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> Modifier:
     )
 
 
-def _parse_preset(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> EquipmentPreset:
+def _parse_preset(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: Any) -> EquipmentPreset:
     obj = _check_keys(ctx, where, item, ["name", "quality"])
     return EquipmentPreset(
         _str(ctx, f"{where}.name", obj["name"]),
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@ def _parse_preset(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> EquipmentPreset:
     )
 
 
-def _parse_monster(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> Monster:
+def _parse_monster(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: Any) -> Monster:
     obj = _check_keys(ctx, where, item, ["name", "level", "item"])
     loot = obj["item"]
     return Monster(
@@ -126,13 +127,13 @@ def _parse_monster(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> Monster:
     )
 
 
-def _parse_attrs(ctx: _Context, where: str, value: T.Any) -> T.List[StatType]:
+def _parse_attrs(ctx: _Context, where: str, value: Any) -> list[StatType]:
     if not isinstance(value, list):
         raise ctx.error(f"{where} must be a list of stats")
     return [_stat(ctx, f"{where}[{i}]", stat) for i, stat in enumerate(value)]
 
 
-def _parse_race(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> Race:
+def _parse_race(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: Any) -> Race:
     obj = _check_keys(ctx, where, item, ["name", "attr"])
     return Race(
         _str(ctx, f"{where}.name", obj["name"]),
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ def _parse_race(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> Race:
     )
 
 
-def _parse_class(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> Class:
+def _parse_class(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: Any) -> Class:
     obj = _check_keys(ctx, where, item, ["name", "attr"])
     return Class(
         _str(ctx, f"{where}.name", obj["name"]),
@@ -148,7 +149,7 @@ def _parse_class(ctx: _Context, where: str, item: T.Any) -> Class:
     )
 
 
-_PARSERS: T.Dict[str, T.Callable[[_Context, str, T.Any], T.Any]] = {
+_PARSERS: dict[str, Callable[[_Context, str, Any], Any]] = {
     "spells": _parse_str,
     "offense_attrib": _parse_modifier,
     "defense_attrib": _parse_modifier,
@@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ _PARSERS: T.Dict[str, T.Callable[[_Context, str, T.Any], T.Any]] = {
 assert set(_PARSERS) == set(DATA_FILES)
 
 
-def _parse(name: str, path: str, text: str) -> T.Tuple[T.Any, ...]:
+def _parse(name: str, path: str, text: str) -> tuple[Any, ...]:
     ctx = _Context(path)
     try:
         value = json.loads(text)
@@ -185,26 +186,26 @@ def _parse(name: str, path: str, text: str) -> T.Tuple[T.Any, ...]:
     return tuple(parser(ctx, f"[{i}]", item) for i, item in enumerate(value))
 
 
-def _builtin_dir() -> T.Any:
+def _builtin_dir() -> Any:
     return resources.files("pqcli") / "data"
 
 
-def _read_text(path: T.Any, display: str) -> str:
+def _read_text(path: Any, display: str) -> str:
     try:
-        return T.cast(str, path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        return cast(str, path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
     except UnicodeDecodeError as ex:
         raise DataError(f"{display}: not valid UTF-8: {ex}") from ex
     except OSError as ex:
         raise DataError(f"{display}: cannot read: {ex}") from ex
 
 
-def load_game_data(override_dir: T.Optional[Path] = None) -> GameData:
+def load_game_data(override_dir: Path | None = None) -> GameData:
     """Load the built-in word lists, replacing any that override_dir has.
 
     A missing override_dir is fine. Each <name>.json in it replaces the
     whole built-in list of that name.
     """
-    overrides: T.Set[str] = set()
+    overrides: set[str] = set()
     if override_dir is not None and override_dir.exists():
         if not override_dir.is_dir():
             raise DataError(f"{override_dir}: not a directory")
@@ -218,11 +219,11 @@ def load_game_data(override_dir: T.Optional[Path] = None) -> GameData:
                     file=sys.stderr,
                 )
 
-    values: T.Dict[str, T.Tuple[T.Any, ...]] = {}
+    values: dict[str, tuple[Any, ...]] = {}
     for name in DATA_FILES:
         if name in overrides:
             assert override_dir is not None
-            source: T.Any = override_dir / f"{name}.json"
+            source: Any = override_dir / f"{name}.json"
             display = str(source)
         else:
             source = _builtin_dir() / f"{name}.json"
@@ -231,7 +232,7 @@ def load_game_data(override_dir: T.Optional[Path] = None) -> GameData:
     return GameData(**values)
 
 
-def dump_builtin_data(target_dir: Path) -> T.List[Path]:
+def dump_builtin_data(target_dir: Path) -> list[Path]:
     """Copy the built-in data files to target_dir, never overwriting."""
     targets = [target_dir / f"{name}.json" for name in DATA_FILES]
     existing = [path for path in targets if path.exists()]

pqcli/lingo.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import datetime
-import typing as T
 
 from pqcli import random
 
@@ -114,7 +113,7 @@ def definite(subject: str, qty: int) -> str:
     return "the " + subject
 
 
-def prefix(a: T.List[str], m: int, subject: str, sep: str = " ") -> str:
+def prefix(a: list[str], m: int, subject: str, sep: str = " ") -> str:
     m = abs(m)
     if m < 1 or m > len(a):
         return subject

pqcli/mechanic.py

@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@ import functools
 import itertools
 import logging
 import math
-import typing as T
 from collections import defaultdict
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator, Sequence
 from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 from pqcli import random
 from pqcli.config import (
@@ -35,23 +36,21 @@ from pqcli.random import Alea, RngState
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-_SIGNALS: T.Dict[
+_SIGNALS: dict[tuple["SignalMixin", str], list[Callable[..., Any]]] = (
-    T.Tuple["SignalMixin", str], T.List[T.Callable[..., T.Any]]
+    defaultdict(list)
-] = defaultdict(list)
+)
 
 
 class SignalMixin:
-    def emit(self, signal_name: str, *user_data: T.Any) -> None:
+    def emit(self, signal_name: str, *user_data: Any) -> None:
         for callback in _SIGNALS[self, signal_name]:
             callback(*user_data)
 
-    def connect(
+    def connect(self, signal_name: str, callback: Callable[..., Any]) -> None:
-        self, signal_name: str, callback: T.Callable[..., T.Any]
-    ) -> None:
         _SIGNALS[self, signal_name].append(callback)
 
     def disconnect(
-        self, signal_name: str, callback: T.Callable[..., T.Any]
+        self, signal_name: str, callback: Callable[..., Any]
     ) -> None:
         try:
             idx = _SIGNALS[self, signal_name].index(callback)
@@ -108,10 +107,10 @@ class Bar(SignalMixin):
 class Stats(SignalMixin):
     signals = ["change"]
 
-    def __init__(self, values: T.Dict[StatType, int]) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, values: dict[StatType, int]) -> None:
         self._values = values
 
-    def __iter__(self) -> T.Iterator[T.Tuple[StatType, int]]:
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[tuple[StatType, int]]:
         return iter(self._values.items())
 
     def __getitem__(self, stat: StatType) -> int:
@@ -137,22 +136,22 @@ class QuestBook(SignalMixin):
     signals = ["start_act", "start_quest"]
 
     def __init__(self) -> None:
-        self._quests: T.List[str] = []
+        self._quests: list[str] = []
         self._act = 0
         self.plot_bar = Bar(max_=1)
         self.quest_bar = Bar(max_=1)
-        self.monster: T.Optional[Monster] = None
+        self.monster: Monster | None = None
 
     @property
     def act(self) -> int:
         return self._act
 
     @property
-    def quests(self) -> T.List[str]:
+    def quests(self) -> list[str]:
         return self._quests
 
     @property
-    def current_quest(self) -> T.Optional[str]:
+    def current_quest(self) -> str | None:
         if self._quests:
             return self._quests[-1]
         return None
@@ -178,7 +177,7 @@ class Inventory(SignalMixin):
 
     def __init__(self, capacity: int = 0) -> None:
         self._gold = 0
-        self._items: T.List[InventoryItem] = []
+        self._items: list[InventoryItem] = []
         self.encum_bar = Bar(max_=capacity)
 
     @property
@@ -188,7 +187,7 @@ class Inventory(SignalMixin):
     def __len__(self) -> int:
         return len(self._items)
 
-    def __iter__(self) -> T.Iterator[InventoryItem]:
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[InventoryItem]:
         return iter(self._items)
 
     def __getitem__(self, idx: int) -> InventoryItem:
@@ -234,16 +233,16 @@ class Equipment(SignalMixin):
     signals = ["change"]
 
     def __init__(self) -> None:
-        self._items: T.Dict[EquipmentType, str] = {
+        self._items: dict[EquipmentType, str] = {
             EquipmentType.weapon: "Sharp Rock",
             EquipmentType.hauberk: "-3 Burlap",
         }
         self.best = self[EquipmentType.weapon]
 
-    def __iter__(self) -> T.Iterator[T.Tuple[EquipmentType, str]]:
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[tuple[EquipmentType, str]]:
         return iter(self._items.items())
 
-    def __getitem__(self, equipment_type: EquipmentType) -> T.Optional[str]:
+    def __getitem__(self, equipment_type: EquipmentType) -> str | None:
         return self._items.get(equipment_type, None)
 
     def put(self, equipment_type: EquipmentType, item_name: str) -> None:
@@ -267,9 +266,9 @@ class SpellBook(SignalMixin):
     signals = ["add", "change"]
 
     def __init__(self) -> None:
-        self._spells: T.List[Spell] = []
+        self._spells: list[Spell] = []
 
-    def __iter__(self) -> T.Iterator[Spell]:
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Spell]:
         return iter(self._spells)
 
     def __bool__(self) -> bool:
@@ -292,7 +291,7 @@ class SpellBook(SignalMixin):
             self.emit("add", spell)
 
     @property
-    def best(self) -> T.Optional[Spell]:
+    def best(self) -> Spell | None:
         if not self._spells:
             return None
         return max(self._spells, key=lambda spell: spell.level)
@@ -306,7 +305,7 @@ class BaseTask:
 
 @dataclass
 class KillTask(BaseTask):
-    monster: T.Optional[Monster] = None
+    monster: Monster | None = None
 
 
 class BuyTask(BaseTask):
@@ -347,7 +346,7 @@ class Player(SignalMixin):
         race: Race,
         class_: Class,
         stats: Stats,
-        rng: T.Optional[Alea] = None,
+        rng: Alea | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.name: str = name
         self.birthday: datetime.datetime = birthday
@@ -366,10 +365,10 @@ class Player(SignalMixin):
         self.spell_book = SpellBook()
 
         self.task_bar = Bar(max_=1)
-        self.task: T.Optional[BaseTask] = None
+        self.task: BaseTask | None = None
-        self.queue: T.List[BaseTask] = []
+        self.queue: list[BaseTask] = []
 
-    def __setstate__(self, obj: T.Any) -> None:
+    def __setstate__(self, obj: Any) -> None:
         self.__dict__.update(obj)
         self.elapsed = obj.get("elapsed", 0.0)
         if "rng" not in obj:
@@ -402,7 +401,7 @@ class Player(SignalMixin):
         self.emit("level_up")
 
     def win_stat(self) -> bool:
-        chosen_stat: T.Optional[StatType] = None
+        chosen_stat: StatType | None = None
 
         if random.odds(1, 2):
             chosen_stat = random.choice(list(StatType))
@@ -437,9 +436,9 @@ class Player(SignalMixin):
     def win_equipment(self, data: GameData) -> None:
         choice = random.choice(list(EquipmentType))
 
-        stuff: T.Sequence[EquipmentPreset]
+        stuff: Sequence[EquipmentPreset]
-        better: T.Sequence[Modifier]
+        better: Sequence[Modifier]
-        worse: T.Sequence[Modifier]
+        worse: Sequence[Modifier]
 
         if choice == EquipmentType.weapon:
             stuff = data.weapons
@@ -566,7 +565,7 @@ class Simulation:
                     self.player.task_bar.max_ / 1000
                 )
         elif self.player.quest_book.act == 0 and not isinstance(
-            self.player.task, (LoadingTask, PlotTask)
+            self.player.task, LoadingTask | PlotTask
         ):
             # the Prologue story tasks fill the plot bar
             self.player.quest_book.plot_bar.increment(
@@ -599,7 +598,7 @@ class Simulation:
                 self.player.inventory.add_gold(-self.player.equip_price())
                 self.player.win_equipment(self.data)
 
-            elif isinstance(self.player.task, (HeadingToMarketTask, SellTask)):
+            elif isinstance(self.player.task, HeadingToMarketTask | SellTask):
                 if isinstance(self.player.task, SellTask):
                     item = self.player.inventory[0]
                     amount = item.quantity * self.player.level
@@ -629,7 +628,7 @@ class Simulation:
                 self.player.set_task(
                     HeadingToMarketTask("Heading to market to sell loot", 4000)
                 )
-            elif not isinstance(old, (KillTask, HeadingToKillingFieldsTask)):
+            elif not isinstance(old, KillTask | HeadingToKillingFieldsTask):
                 if self.player.inventory.gold > self.player.equip_price():
                     self.player.set_task(
                         BuyTask(
@@ -838,35 +837,35 @@ def special_item(data: GameData) -> str:
     return (
         interesting_item(data)
         + " of "
-        + T.cast(str, random.choice(data.item_ofs))
+        + cast(str, random.choice(data.item_ofs))
     )
 
 
 def interesting_item(data: GameData) -> str:
     return (
-        T.cast(str, random.choice(data.item_attrib))
+        cast(str, random.choice(data.item_attrib))
         + " "
-        + T.cast(str, random.choice(data.specials))
+        + cast(str, random.choice(data.specials))
     )
 
 
 def boring_item(data: GameData) -> str:
-    return T.cast(str, random.choice(data.boring_items))
+    return cast(str, random.choice(data.boring_items))
 
 
 def impressive_guy(data: GameData) -> str:
     if random.below(2):
-        title = T.cast(str, random.choice(data.impressive_titles))
+        title = cast(str, random.choice(data.impressive_titles))
-        race = T.cast(Race, random.choice(data.races))
+        race = cast(Race, random.choice(data.races))
         return f"the {title} of the {plural(race.name)}"
-    title = T.cast(str, random.choice(data.impressive_titles))
+    title = cast(str, random.choice(data.impressive_titles))
     return f"{title} {generate_name()} of {generate_name()}"
 
 
 def unnamed_monster(data: GameData, level: int, iterations: int) -> Monster:
-    result = T.cast(Monster, random.choice(data.monsters))
+    result = cast(Monster, random.choice(data.monsters))
     for _ in range(iterations):
-        alternative = T.cast(Monster, random.choice(data.monsters))
+        alternative = cast(Monster, random.choice(data.monsters))
         if abs(level - alternative.level) < abs(level - result.level):
             result = alternative
     return result
@@ -878,18 +877,18 @@ def named_monster(data: GameData, level: int) -> str:
 
 
 def pick_equipment(
-    source: T.Sequence[EquipmentPreset], goal: int
+    source: Sequence[EquipmentPreset], goal: int
 ) -> EquipmentPreset:
-    result = T.cast(EquipmentPreset, random.choice(source))
+    result = cast(EquipmentPreset, random.choice(source))
     for _ in range(5):
-        alternative = T.cast(EquipmentPreset, random.choice(source))
+        alternative = cast(EquipmentPreset, random.choice(source))
         if abs(goal - alternative.quality) < abs(goal - result.quality):
             result = alternative
     return result
 
 
 def monster_task(
-    data: GameData, player_level: int, quest_monster: T.Optional[Monster]
+    data: GameData, player_level: int, quest_monster: Monster | None
 ) -> KillTask:
     level = player_level
     for _ in range(level):
@@ -899,7 +898,7 @@ def monster_task(
         level = 1
 
     is_definite = False
-    monster: T.Optional[Monster] = None
+    monster: Monster | None = None
     if random.odds(1, 25):
         # use an NPC every once in a while
         race = random.choice(data.races)
@@ -968,7 +967,7 @@ def monster_task(
     verb = (
         data.combat_verbs[0]
         if len(data.combat_verbs) == 1
-        else T.cast(str, random.choice(data.combat_verbs))
+        else cast(str, random.choice(data.combat_verbs))
     )
     description = verb.replace(TARGET_PLACEHOLDER, result)
     return KillTask(description, duration, monster=monster)
@@ -982,9 +981,9 @@ class _Roll:
 
 
 class StatsBuilder:
-    def __init__(self, rng: T.Optional[Alea] = None) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, rng: Alea | None = None) -> None:
         self._rng = rng or Alea()
-        self.history: T.List[_Roll] = []
+        self.history: list[_Roll] = []
 
     @property
     def seed(self) -> RngState:
@@ -998,7 +997,7 @@ class StatsBuilder:
     def roll(self) -> Stats:
         seed = self._rng.state()
         with random.using(self._rng):
-            values: T.Dict[StatType, int] = {
+            values: dict[StatType, int] = {
                 stat: 3 + random.below(6) + random.below(6) + random.below(6)
                 for stat in PRIME_STATS
             }
@@ -1024,7 +1023,7 @@ def create_player(
     race: Race,
     class_: Class,
     stats: Stats,
-    seed: T.Optional[RngState] = None,
+    seed: RngState | None = None,
 ) -> Player:
     player = Player(
         birthday=datetime.datetime.now(),

pqcli/random.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import contextlib
 import time
-import typing as T
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator, Sequence
+from typing import Any
 
-RngState = T.Tuple[float, float, float, int]
+RngState = tuple[float, float, float, int]
 
 _2_POW_32 = 0x100000000
 _2_POW_MINUS_32 = 2.3283064365386963e-10
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ def _to_uint32(value: float) -> float:
     return float(int(value) % _2_POW_32)
 
 
-def _mash() -> T.Callable[[str], float]:
+def _mash() -> Callable[[str], float]:
     n = float(0xEFC8249D)
 
     def mash(data: str) -> float:
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ def seed(source: str) -> None:
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
-def using(rng: Alea) -> T.Iterator[None]:
+def using(rng: Alea) -> Iterator[None]:
     """Draw from rng instead of the shared generator inside the block."""
     global _current
     previous = _current
@@ -101,11 +102,11 @@ def using(rng: Alea) -> T.Iterator[None]:
         _current = previous
 
 
-def choice(source: T.Sequence[T.Any]) -> T.Any:
+def choice(source: Sequence[Any]) -> Any:
     return source[below(len(source))]
 
 
-def choice_low(source: T.Sequence[T.Any]) -> T.Any:
+def choice_low(source: Sequence[Any]) -> Any:
     return source[below_low(len(source))]
 
 

pqcli/roster.py

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import logging
 import pickle
-import typing as T
 from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
 
@@ -8,13 +7,13 @@ from pqcli.mechanic import Player
 
 
 class Roster:
-    def __init__(self, path: Path, players: T.List[Player]) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, path: Path, players: list[Player]) -> None:
         self.path = path
         self.players = players
         self._last_save = datetime.now()
 
     @staticmethod
-    def load(path: T.Union[str, Path]) -> "Roster":
+    def load(path: str | Path) -> "Roster":
         real_path = Path(path)
         if real_path.exists():
             return Roster(

pqcli/ui/base.py

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import abc
 import argparse
-import typing as T
 
 from pqcli.game_data import GameData
 from pqcli.mechanic import Player
@@ -11,7 +10,7 @@ class BaseUserInterface(abc.ABC):
     def __init__(
         self,
         roster: Roster,
-        player: T.Optional[Player],
+        player: Player | None,
         args: argparse.Namespace,
         data: GameData,
     ) -> None:

pqcli/ui/basic/__init__.py

@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@ import logging
 import signal
 import sys
 import time
-import typing as T
+from collections.abc import Sequence
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli import lingo
 from pqcli.config import PRIME_STATS
@@ -36,13 +37,13 @@ class BasicUserInterface(BaseUserInterface):
     def __init__(
         self,
         roster: Roster,
-        player: T.Optional[Player],
+        player: Player | None,
         args: argparse.Namespace,
         data: GameData,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(roster, player, args, data)
 
-        def signal_handler(sig: T.Any, frame: T.Any) -> None:
+        def signal_handler(sig: Any, frame: Any) -> None:
             logging.info("Quitting")
             if self.args.use_saves:
                 self.roster.save()
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ class BasicUserInterface(BaseUserInterface):
                 self.quit()
                 break
 
-    def create_player(self, *, auto_play: bool = True) -> T.Optional[Player]:
+    def create_player(self, *, auto_play: bool = True) -> Player | None:
         name = input("Name your new character: ")
         if not name:
             print("Cancelled.")
@@ -196,7 +197,7 @@ class BasicUserInterface(BaseUserInterface):
         if self.args.use_saves:
             self.roster.save()
 
-    def choose_player(self) -> T.Optional[Player]:
+    def choose_player(self) -> Player | None:
         if not self.roster.players:
             print("No characters to choose from!")
             return None
@@ -216,9 +217,9 @@ class BasicUserInterface(BaseUserInterface):
 
     def menu(
         self,
-        options: T.Sequence[T.Tuple[T.Any, str]],
+        options: Sequence[tuple[Any, str]],
-        title: T.Optional[str] = None,
+        title: str | None = None,
-    ) -> T.Any:
+    ) -> Any:
         print()
         if title:
             print(f"{title}:")

pqcli/ui/curses/__init__.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import curses
 import os
 import signal
 import time
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 from pqcli import lingo
 from pqcli.config import Class, Race
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class CursesUserInterface(BaseUserInterface):
             curses.init_pair(COLOR_PROGRESSBAR, 0, 9)
             curses.init_pair(COLOR_HIGHLIGHT, 3, -1)
 
-        def signal_handler(sig: T.Any, frame: T.Any) -> None:
+        def signal_handler(sig: Any, frame: Any) -> None:
             if self.args.use_saves:
                 self.roster.save()
             exit(0)
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class CursesUserInterface(BaseUserInterface):
                 self._switch_to_roster_view()
 
             while True:
-                key = T.cast(int, self._screen.getch())
+                key = cast(int, self._screen.getch())
 
                 if key == curses.ERR:
                     time.sleep(0.1)
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class CursesUserInterface(BaseUserInterface):
         self._switch_view(self._roster_view)
 
     def _switch_to_create_char_name_view(
-        self, player_name: T.Optional[str] = None
+        self, player_name: str | None = None
     ) -> None:
         view = ChooseCharacterNameView(self._screen, player_name)
         view.on_cancel += self._switch_to_roster_view
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class CursesUserInterface(BaseUserInterface):
         self._switch_view(view)
 
     def _switch_to_create_char_race_view(
-        self, player_name: str, race: T.Optional[Race] = None
+        self, player_name: str, race: Race | None = None
     ) -> None:
         view = ChooseCharacterRaceView(self._screen, self.data.races, race)
         view.on_cancel += lambda: self._switch_to_create_char_name_view(
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ class CursesUserInterface(BaseUserInterface):
         self._switch_view(view)
 
     def _switch_to_create_char_class_view(
-        self, player_name: str, race: Race, class_: T.Optional[Class] = None
+        self, player_name: str, race: Race, class_: Class | None = None
     ) -> None:
         view = ChooseCharacterClassView(
             self._screen, self.data.classes, class_

pqcli/ui/curses/event_handler.py

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
-import typing as T
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Any
 
 
 class EventHandler:
     def __init__(self) -> None:
-        self.callbacks: T.List[T.Callable[..., T.Any]] = []
+        self.callbacks: list[Callable[..., Any]] = []
 
-    def __call__(self, *args: T.Any, **kwargs: T.Any) -> None:
+    def __call__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
         for callback in self.callbacks:
             callback(*args, **kwargs)
 
-    def __iadd__(self, callback: T.Callable[..., T.Any]) -> "EventHandler":
+    def __iadd__(self, callback: Callable[..., Any]) -> "EventHandler":
         self.callbacks.append(callback)
         return self

pqcli/ui/curses/util.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import curses
 import curses.ascii
-import typing as T
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
 from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, TypeVar, overload
 
 KEYS_CYCLE = {curses.ascii.TAB}
 KEYS_DOWN = set(map(ord, "jJ")) | {curses.KEY_DOWN}
@@ -13,10 +14,22 @@ KEYS_CANCEL = set(map(ord, "qQ")) | {curses.ascii.ESC}
 
 @dataclass
 class Choice:
-    keys: T.List[int]
+    keys: list[int]
     desc: str
-    callback: T.Callable[..., T.Any]
+    callback: Callable[..., Any]
 
 
-def first(source: T.Iterable[T.Any], default: T.Any = None) -> T.Any:
+ItemT = TypeVar("ItemT")
+DefaultT = TypeVar("DefaultT")
+
+
+@overload
+def first(source: Iterable[ItemT]) -> ItemT | None: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def first(source: Iterable[ItemT], default: DefaultT) -> ItemT | DefaultT: ...
+
+
+def first(source: Iterable[Any], default: Any = None) -> Any:
     return next(iter(source), default)

pqcli/ui/curses/views/base_view.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 
 class BaseView:
-    def __init__(self, screen: T.Any) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, screen: Any) -> None:
         self.screen = screen
 
     def start(self) -> None:

pqcli/ui/curses/views/choose_character_view.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import functools
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.lingo import act_name, to_roman
 from pqcli.roster import Roster
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.views.menu_view import MenuView
 
 
 class ChooseCharacterView(MenuView):
-    def __init__(self, screen: T.Any, roster: Roster, title: str) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, screen: Any, roster: Roster, title: str) -> None:
         super().__init__(screen, title)
 
         for y, player in enumerate(roster.players, 1):
-            key: T.Optional[str] = str(y % 10) if y <= 10 else None
+            key: str | None = str(y % 10) if y <= 10 else None
 
             best_equip = player.equipment.best
 

pqcli/ui/curses/views/confirm_view.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.ui.curses.event_handler import EventHandler
 from pqcli.ui.curses.util import Choice
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ from .base_view import BaseView
 
 
 class ConfirmView(BaseView):
-    def __init__(self, screen: T.Any, title: str) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, screen: Any, title: str) -> None:
         super().__init__(screen)
 
         self.title = f"{title}:"
         self.on_cancel = EventHandler()
         self.on_confirm = EventHandler()
 
-        self.choices: T.List[Choice] = [
+        self.choices: list[Choice] = [
             Choice(
                 keys=list(map(ord, "yY")),
                 desc="[Y] Yes",

pqcli/ui/curses/views/create_character_view/choose_character_class_view.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import functools
-import typing as T
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.config import Class
 from pqcli.ui.curses.util import KEYS_CANCEL, Choice
@@ -9,9 +10,9 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.views.menu_view import MenuView
 class ChooseCharacterClassView(MenuView):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        screen: T.Any,
+        screen: Any,
-        classes: T.Sequence[Class],
+        classes: Sequence[Class],
-        class_: T.Optional[Class] = None,
+        class_: Class | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(
             screen,
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ class ChooseCharacterClassView(MenuView):
         )
 
         for y, class_ in enumerate(classes, 1):
-            key: T.Optional[str] = str(y % 10) if y <= 10 else None
+            key: str | None = str(y % 10) if y <= 10 else None
             self._choices.append(
                 Choice(
                     keys=[ord(key)] if key is not None else [],

pqcli/ui/curses/views/create_character_view/choose_character_name_view.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import curses
 import curses.ascii
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.mechanic import generate_name
 from pqcli.ui.curses.event_handler import EventHandler
@@ -10,17 +10,15 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets.focusable import focus_standout
 
 
 class ChooseCharacterNameView(BaseView):
-    def __init__(
+    def __init__(self, screen: Any, character_name: str | None = None) -> None:
-        self, screen: T.Any, character_name: T.Optional[str] = None
-    ) -> None:
         super().__init__(screen)
 
         self.on_cancel = EventHandler()
         self.on_confirm = EventHandler()
 
         self._active_widget = 0
-        self._win: T.Optional[T.Any] = None
+        self._win: Any | None = None
-        self._text_win: T.Optional[T.Any] = None
+        self._text_win: Any | None = None
         self._text = character_name or generate_name()
 
     def start(self) -> None:

pqcli/ui/curses/views/create_character_view/choose_character_race_view.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import functools
-import typing as T
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.config import Race
 from pqcli.ui.curses.util import KEYS_CANCEL, Choice
@@ -9,9 +10,9 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.views.menu_view import MenuView
 class ChooseCharacterRaceView(MenuView):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        screen: T.Any,
+        screen: Any,
-        races: T.Sequence[Race],
+        races: Sequence[Race],
-        race: T.Optional[Race] = None,
+        race: Race | None = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(
             screen,
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ class ChooseCharacterRaceView(MenuView):
         )
 
         for y, race in enumerate(races, 1):
-            key: T.Optional[str] = str(y % 10) if y <= 10 else None
+            key: str | None = str(y % 10) if y <= 10 else None
             self._choices.append(
                 Choice(
                     keys=[ord(key)] if key is not None else [],

pqcli/ui/curses/views/create_character_view/choose_character_stats_view.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import curses.ascii
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.config import PRIME_STATS
 from pqcli.mechanic import StatsBuilder
@@ -10,15 +10,15 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets.focusable import focus_standout
 
 
 class ChooseCharacterStatsView(BaseView):
-    def __init__(self, screen: T.Any) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, screen: Any) -> None:
         super().__init__(screen)
 
         self.on_cancel = EventHandler()
         self.on_confirm = EventHandler()
 
         self._active_widget = 0
-        self._win: T.Optional[T.Any] = None
+        self._win: Any | None = None
-        self._stats_win: T.Optional[T.Any] = None
+        self._stats_win: Any | None = None
 
         self._stats_builder = StatsBuilder()
         self._stats = self._stats_builder.roll()

pqcli/ui/curses/views/game_view/__init__.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import argparse
 import curses
 import datetime
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.game_data import GameData
 from pqcli.mechanic import Player, SignalMixin, Simulation
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ from .task_progress_window import TaskProgressWindow
 class GameView(BaseView):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        screen: T.Any,
+        screen: Any,
         roster: Roster,
         player: Player,
         args: argparse.Namespace,
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ class GameView(BaseView):
             x=0,
         )
 
-        self._focusable_children: T.List[Focusable] = [
+        self._focusable_children: list[Focusable] = [
             self._char_sheet_win,
             self._spell_book_win,
             self._equipment_win,
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ class GameView(BaseView):
             self._plot_win,
             self._quest_book_win,
         ]
-        self._children: T.List[Widget] = self._focusable_children + [
+        self._children: list[Widget] = self._focusable_children + [
             self._task_win
         ]
 

pqcli/ui/curses/views/game_view/character_sheet_window.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.mechanic import Player, StatType
 from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import Focusable
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from .progress_bar_window import DataTableProgressBarWindow
 
 class CharacterSheetWindow(Focusable, DataTableProgressBarWindow):
     def __init__(
-        self, player: Player, parent: T.Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
+        self, player: Player, parent: Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(
             parent,

pqcli/ui/curses/views/game_view/equipment_window.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.mechanic import EquipmentType, Player
 from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import DataTable, Focusable, WindowWrapper
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import DataTable, Focusable, WindowWrapper
 
 class EquipmentWindow(Focusable, WindowWrapper):
     def __init__(
-        self, player: Player, parent: T.Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
+        self, player: Player, parent: Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(parent, h, w, y, x)
         self._on_focus_change += self._render
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class EquipmentWindow(Focusable, WindowWrapper):
         self._render()
 
     def _sync_equipment_change(
-        self, equipment_type: EquipmentType, item_name: T.Optional[str]
+        self, equipment_type: EquipmentType, item_name: str | None
     ) -> None:
         self._data_table.set(equipment_type.value, item_name or "")
         self._data_table.select(equipment_type.value)

pqcli/ui/curses/views/game_view/inventory_window.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.mechanic import InventoryItem, Player
 from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import Focusable
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from .progress_bar_window import DataTableProgressBarWindow
 
 class InventoryWindow(Focusable, DataTableProgressBarWindow):
     def __init__(
-        self, player: Player, parent: T.Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
+        self, player: Player, parent: Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(
             parent,

pqcli/ui/curses/views/game_view/plot_window.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.lingo import act_name
 from pqcli.mechanic import Player
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class PlotWindow(Focusable, ListBoxProgressBarWindow):
     cutoff = 100
 
     def __init__(
-        self, player: Player, parent: T.Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
+        self, player: Player, parent: Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(
             parent, h, w, y, x, " Plot Development ", show_time=True

pqcli/ui/curses/views/game_view/progress_bar_window.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import curses
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import (
     DataTable,
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import (
 class ProgressBarWindow(WindowWrapper):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        parent: T.Any,
+        parent: Any,
         h: int,
         w: int,
         y: int,
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ class ProgressBarWindow(WindowWrapper):
 class DataTableProgressBarWindow(ProgressBarWindow):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        parent: T.Any,
+        parent: Any,
         h: int,
         w: int,
         y: int,
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class DataTableProgressBarWindow(ProgressBarWindow):
 class ListBoxProgressBarWindow(ProgressBarWindow):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        parent: T.Any,
+        parent: Any,
         h: int,
         w: int,
         y: int,

pqcli/ui/curses/views/game_view/quest_book_window.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.mechanic import Player
 from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import Focusable
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class QuestBookWindow(Focusable, ListBoxProgressBarWindow):
     cutoff = 100
 
     def __init__(
-        self, player: Player, parent: T.Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
+        self, player: Player, parent: Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(parent, h, w, y, x, " Quests ", show_time=True)
         self._on_focus_change += self._render

pqcli/ui/curses/views/game_view/spell_book_window.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.lingo import to_roman
 from pqcli.mechanic import Player, Spell
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import DataTable, Focusable, WindowWrapper
 
 class SpellBookWindow(Focusable, WindowWrapper):
     def __init__(
-        self, player: Player, parent: T.Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
+        self, player: Player, parent: Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(parent, h, w, y, x)
         self._on_focus_change += self._render

pqcli/ui/curses/views/game_view/task_progress_window.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.mechanic import Player
 from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import (
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import (
 
 class TaskProgressWindow(Focusable, WindowWrapper):
     def __init__(
-        self, player: Player, parent: T.Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
+        self, player: Player, parent: Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(parent, h, w, y, x)
 

pqcli/ui/curses/views/menu_view.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.ui.curses.event_handler import EventHandler
 from pqcli.ui.curses.util import Choice
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets import Menu
 
 class MenuView(BaseView):
     def __init__(
-        self, screen: T.Any, title: str, active_choice: int = 0
+        self, screen: Any, title: str, active_choice: int = 0
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(screen)
 
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class MenuView(BaseView):
         self.on_confirm = EventHandler()
 
         self._title = f"{title}:"
-        self._choices: T.List[Choice] = []
+        self._choices: list[Choice] = []
         self._active_choice = active_choice
 
     def start(self) -> None:

pqcli/ui/curses/views/roster_view.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import curses
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.ui.curses.colors import COLOR_LOGO, COLOR_LOGO_ALT, has_colors
 from pqcli.ui.curses.event_handler import EventHandler
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ LOGO = """
 
 class MainMenu(Menu):
     def __init__(
-        self, choices: T.List[Choice], scr_height: int, scr_width: int
+        self, choices: list[Choice], scr_height: int, scr_width: int
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(
             header=LOGO,
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class MainMenu(Menu):
 
 
 class RosterView(BaseView):
-    def __init__(self, screen: T.Any) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, screen: Any) -> None:
         super().__init__(screen)
 
         self.on_create = EventHandler()
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class RosterView(BaseView):
         self.on_delete = EventHandler()
         self.on_quit = EventHandler()
 
-        self.choices: T.List[Choice] = [
+        self.choices: list[Choice] = [
             Choice(
                 keys=list(map(ord, "cC")),
                 desc="[C] Create new character",

pqcli/ui/curses/widgets/base.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import curses
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 
 class Widget:
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ class Widget:
 
 class WindowWrapper(Widget):
     def __init__(
-        self, parent: T.Optional[T.Any], h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
+        self, parent: Any | None, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int
     ) -> None:
         self._parent = parent
-        self._win: T.Optional[T.Any]
+        self._win: Any | None
 
         if not parent:
             self._win = None
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ class WindowWrapper(Widget):
         del self._win
         self._win = None
 
-    def getbegyx(self) -> T.Tuple[int, int]:
+    def getbegyx(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
         if not self._win:
             return (0, 0)
         return self._win.getbegyx()
 
-    def getmaxyx(self) -> T.Tuple[int, int]:
+    def getmaxyx(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
         if not self._win:
             return (0, 0)
         return self._win.getmaxyx()

pqcli/ui/curses/widgets/data_table.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import curses
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.ui.curses.colors import COLOR_HIGHLIGHT, has_colors
 
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from .scrollable import Scrollable
 class DataTable(Scrollable):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        parent: T.Any,
+        parent: Any,
         h: int,
         w: int,
         y: int,
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ class DataTable(Scrollable):
         super().__init__(parent, h, w, y, x)
 
         self._align_right = align_right
-        self._items: T.List[T.Tuple[str, str]]
+        self._items: list[tuple[str, str]]
-        self._selected: T.Optional[int] = None
+        self._selected: int | None = None
 
     def add(self, text: str, value: str) -> None:
         self._items.append((text, value))
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ class DataTable(Scrollable):
             del self._items[idx]
             self.scroll_to_item(idx)
 
-    def select(self, text: T.Optional[str]) -> None:
+    def select(self, text: str | None) -> None:
         self._selected = None if text is None else self.get_idx(text)
 
-    def get_idx(self, text: str) -> T.Optional[int]:
+    def get_idx(self, text: str) -> int | None:
         for idx, row in enumerate(self._items):
             if row[0].strip() == text.strip():
                 return idx

pqcli/ui/curses/widgets/focusable.py

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 import contextlib
 import curses
-import typing as T
+from collections.abc import Generator
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.ui.curses.colors import COLOR_FOCUSED, has_colors
 from pqcli.ui.curses.event_handler import EventHandler
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
-def focus_standout(focused: bool, win: T.Any) -> T.Generator:
+def focus_standout(focused: bool, win: Any) -> Generator:
     if focused:
         if has_colors():
             win.attron(curses.color_pair(COLOR_FOCUSED))
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ def focus_standout(focused: bool, win: T.Any) -> T.Generator:
 
 
 class Focusable:
-    def __init__(self, *args: T.Any, **kwargs: T.Any) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
         self._focused = False
         self._on_focus_change = EventHandler()
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
@@ -37,6 +38,6 @@ class Focusable:
         self._on_focus_change()
 
     @contextlib.contextmanager
-    def focus_standout(self, win: T.Any) -> T.Generator:
+    def focus_standout(self, win: Any) -> Generator:
         with focus_standout(self._focused, win):
             yield

pqcli/ui/curses/widgets/list_box.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import curses
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.ui.curses.colors import COLOR_HIGHLIGHT, has_colors
 
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ from .scrollable import Scrollable
 
 
 class ListBox(Scrollable):
-    _items: T.List[str]
+    _items: list[str]
 
-    def __init__(self, parent: T.Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, parent: Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int) -> None:
         super().__init__(parent, h, w, y, x)
-        self._selected: T.Optional[int] = None
+        self._selected: int | None = None
 
     def add(self, text: str) -> None:
         self._items.append(text)
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class ListBox(Scrollable):
             idx %= len(self._items)
         self._items[idx] = value
 
-    def get(self, idx: int) -> T.Optional[str]:
+    def get(self, idx: int) -> str | None:
         if not self._items:
             return None
         if idx < 0:
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class ListBox(Scrollable):
     def delete(self, idx: int, count: int = 1) -> None:
         del self._items[idx : idx + count]
 
-    def select(self, idx: T.Optional[int]) -> None:
+    def select(self, idx: int | None) -> None:
         if idx < 0 and len(self._items):
             idx %= len(self._items)
         self._selected = idx

pqcli/ui/curses/widgets/menu.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import curses
 import curses.ascii
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.ui.curses.util import KEYS_CYCLE, KEYS_DOWN, KEYS_UP, Choice
 from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets.focusable import focus_standout
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class Menu(Widget):
     def __init__(
         self,
         header: str,
-        choices: T.List[Choice],
+        choices: list[Choice],
         active_choice: int,
         scr_height: int,
         scr_width: int,
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class Menu(Widget):
 
         w = max(map(len, all_lines)) + 1
         h = len(all_lines) + 1
-        self._pad: T.Optional[T.Any] = curses.newpad(h, w)
+        self._pad: Any | None = curses.newpad(h, w)
 
         for y, line in enumerate(self._header_lines):
             self._pad.move(y, 0)
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class Menu(Widget):
         del self._pad
         self._pad = None
 
-    def getmaxyx(self) -> T.Tuple[int, int]:
+    def getmaxyx(self) -> tuple[int, int]:
         if not self._pad:
             return (0, 0)
         return self._pad.getmaxyx()

pqcli/ui/curses/widgets/progress_bar.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import curses
 import datetime
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.lingo import format_timespan
 from pqcli.ui.curses.colors import COLOR_PROGRESSBAR, has_colors
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from pqcli.ui.curses.widgets.base import WindowWrapper
 
 class ProgressBar(WindowWrapper):
     def __init__(
-        self, parent: T.Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int, show_time: bool
+        self, parent: Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int, show_time: bool
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(parent, h, w, y, x)
 
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ class ProgressBar(WindowWrapper):
         self._max_pos = 1.0
 
         self._show_time = show_time
-        self._last_tick: T.Optional[T.Tuple[datetime.datetime, float]] = None
+        self._last_tick: tuple[datetime.datetime, float] | None = None
 
     @property
-    def time_left(self) -> T.Optional[datetime.timedelta]:
+    def time_left(self) -> datetime.timedelta | None:
         if self._last_tick is None:
             return None
         time_then, pos_then = self._last_tick

pqcli/ui/curses/widgets/scrollable.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import curses
-import typing as T
+from typing import Any
 
 from pqcli.ui.curses.colors import (
     COLOR_SCROLLBAR_THUMB,
@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ from .base import WindowWrapper
 
 
 class Scrollable(WindowWrapper):
-    def __init__(self, parent: T.Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, parent: Any, h: int, w: int, y: int, x: int) -> None:
         super().__init__(parent, h, w, y, x)
         self._scroll_pos = 0
-        self._pad: T.Optional[T.Any] = curses.newpad(1, 1)
+        self._pad: Any | None = curses.newpad(1, 1)
-        self._items: T.List[T.Any] = []
+        self._items: list[Any] = []
 
     def clear(self) -> None:
         self._items = []

pyproject.toml

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ dev = ["prek>=0.2", "pytest>=8.0"]
 line-length = 79
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
-select = ["E", "F", "W", "I"]
+select = ["E", "F", "W", "I", "UP"]
 
 [tool.ruff.lint.isort]
 known-first-party = ["pqcli"]

tests/game_trace.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import datetime
-import typing as T
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from pqcli import random
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ STATS = {
 }
 
 
-def run_trace(seed: str, ticks: int = 3000) -> T.List[str]:
+def run_trace(seed: str, ticks: int = 3000) -> list[str]:
     """Play a deterministic game and return everything that happened."""
     data = load_game_data()
     player = Player(
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@ def run_trace(seed: str, ticks: int = 3000) -> T.List[str]:
     random.seed(seed)
     simulation = Simulation(player, data)
 
-    lines: T.List[str] = []
+    lines: list[str] = []
     player.connect(
         "new_task",
         lambda: lines.append(f"task: {player.task.description}"),

tests/test_game_data.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import datetime
 import json
 import pickle
-import typing as T
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from pqcli.game_data import (
 from pqcli.mechanic import Player, Stats, monster_task
 
 
-def write(directory: Path, name: str, value: T.Any) -> Path:
+def write(directory: Path, name: str, value: Any) -> Path:
     path = directory / f"{name}.json"
     path.write_text(json.dumps(value), encoding="utf-8")
     return path
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def test_unknown_file_warns(
     ],
 )
 def test_invalid_override_raises(
-    tmp_path: Path, name: str, value: T.Any, message: str
+    tmp_path: Path, name: str, value: Any, message: str
 ) -> None:
     write(tmp_path, name, value)
     with pytest.raises(DataError) as excinfo: